Kiln for coking peat or similar material.



No. 876,421. PATENTED JAN. 14, 1908. M. ZIEGLER. KILN FOR COKING PEAT 0RSIMILAR MATERIAL.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 4. 1906.

2 SHEETS-SEEM 1.

w/vwsssets /NVENTO R- ATTYS PATENTED JAN. 14, 1908.

M. ZIEGLER. KILN FOR COKING PEAT ORSIMILAR- MATERIAL.

APPLICATION FILED DEC). 4, 1906.

2 SHEETSSHEET 2.

1 I i lNVEA/T R w/ TN 55 555 (hum ATTYS tween the retorts.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

MARTIN ZIEGLER, OF BEUERBERG,-GER1\T ANY, ASSIGNOR TO OBERBAYER-ISCHEKOKS- WERKE UND FABRIK CHEMISCHER PRODUKTE AKT.MESELLSOHAFT, OFBEUER-BERG,

GERMANY, A FIRM.

KILN FOR COKING PEAT OR SIMILAR MATERIAL.

Specification of Letters Patent;

Patented Jan. 14, 1908.

Application filed December 4. 1906. Serial No. 346.243.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, MARTIN ZIEGLER, engineer and manager, subject of theGerman Emperor, residing at Beuerberg, Upper Bavaria, in the Kingdom ofBavaria, Germany, have invented new and useful Improvements in Kilns forCoking Peat or Similar lllaterial, of which the following is aspecification.

The present inventionrelates to an oven which has a plurality of retortsin which peat, lignite orwood can be coked.

Heating chambers or flues are arranged be The retorts are filled fromabove and their charging openin s are closed by means of devices whichare able to be raised and lowered. A hood is arranged over the closingdevices, through which the gases which escape from the retorts whenlling the same can escape, so that the persons occupied in filling themare not troubled by the gases. Walls whichare preferably arranged insteps one over another may be built in the retorts' according to thepresent invention, between which walls the charging material goes downand which divide off free chambers in the retort which serve forcollecting the gaseousproducts of distillation.

It is preferable that the material to be coked sinks uniformly insidethe retorts, as the coking process depends in a certain sense on themanner of withdrawin the coked peat. Likewise it lis necessary that thesides of the retorts are always uniformly heated so that disturbances inthe firing plant, or variations inthe admission of the-heating means,can not influencelthe transmission of heat to the retorts. The mode ofsucking the gases up from the retort is most intimately connected withthe process of coking. It may, for example, happen, in retorts providedwith step-like partition walls, that the process is carried out on oneside of the retort quicker than on the other.

In accordance with the present invention the conditions of a correctcoking process are fulfilled and the defects of known devices areremoved.

The uniform emission of the gases from the retort is furthered by thecross-section of the retort being constructed in the center, so that thecharge is divided into two sections by the constriction, of whichsections each is provided with a chargii'ig and a discharging opening,as well as a special suction pipe. If

' one beside anotherin a row.

Each retort 1S narrowed or constricted 1n the the position where thetwo-suction conduits unite is situated unequally distant from theopenings .of the conduits in the retort, the conduit opening which liesnearest to this place is, in accordance with the present invention,arranged deeper than the opposite conduit opening, in order to equalizethe differei'it effects of the tendency of the gases to rise up and ofthe nesistances in the two suction conduits, so that the same velocityeX- ists in both conduits and an equal quantity of gas is supplied inthe sameunit of time.

As the quantity of gas to be generated substantially depends on the modeof firing, the present invention has for its object means for bringingabout a uniform firing which makes possible the uniform gasification ofthe combustible material. These means consist in gratings being arrangedin the heating chambers situated between the retorts which .take up thesurplus heat of the heating means which are supplied, in order to giveoff this surplus heat later to the sides of the retort temporarily attimes when the supply of the heating means sinks below the normalamount.

In order that the invention may be more clearly understood reference ismade to the accompanying drawings in which one embodiment is representedby way of example, and in which Figure 1 is a vertical section through aretort; Fig. 2 is a vertical section through a heating chamber situatedbetween two retorts, and Fig. 3 is a cross-section on two differentlines in Fig. 2, i. e the left hand half on the line 'A-A and the righthand half on the line B, B.

Similar letters of reference refer to similar parts in allviews.

The retorts'c are arranged in one block (See. Fig." 3.)

center atl), so that two parts of the retort chamber which are separatedone from another by the contraction are formed by means of thisconstriction. The constriction extends the entire length of the retortchamber, 1'. e. from the'charging openings 0 to the discharging openings01. Each part of the retort chamber is provided with a charg ing opening0 and a discharging opening Heating chambers e' are situated between theseparate retorts. These heating charm bers are heated either by thecombustible gases of a direct fire f or by means of the gas of agas-generator which is burned in the heating chambers 6 with theadmission of air. For the case in which the generator gas'is supplied,the heating chambers e are connected with a gas conduit as throughchannels y. These channels y may be formed as combustion chambers intowhich the air for 10 combustion is connected through channels 2. The hotgases to be burned then flow into the heating chambers e.

In accordance with the present invention 2 the supply of the heatinmeans, and assure a umform process of gasi cation.

In accordance with the present 1nvent1on suction conduits h and h for.the as open in the upper. art of the retort c amber at.

opposite si es. These openings are separated one from another inside theretort chamber by the columns of the charging material, which arebounded in the form of construction of a retort shown in Fig. 1 at twoopposite sides by step-like partition walls i which are of invertedfrusto conical form placed .one above the other. The suction pipes? andit open together in a wide receptacle k which is connected'th'rough 4 aconduit I with the condensing. device and thesuction device. Astop-valve m is inserted in this conduit Z by means of which valve aircan be prevented from entering into theretort through the dischargeopemng d when discharging the coked material, the

valve m being so adjusted that the ressure existing'in the retort is het equa to the pressure of the outer atmosp ere. I In the form. ofconstruction given by way of example shown in Fig. 1 the opening of thesuction conduit h is situated lower than the o ening of the suctionconduit h situated at t e opposite side of the construction of theret0rt,-because.the ath of the conduit h up to the place where t 1egases which are drawn through this conduit combine with the gases suckedthrough the conduit h is shorter than the length er the suction conduith, and because the condition is to be fulfilled that 50 equally largequantities of gas are to be con ducted in a unit of time from both sidesof the construction ofthe retort: In-the arrangement shown in Fig. 1gases flow with a greater velocity in the condult h which are developed,

on the left hand side because the emission.

forces in the free chamber at the mouth of the suction conduit h isgreater than at the ri ht hand side at the mouth of the conduit For thisreason, corresponding to thediiierence of the effective columns of gasat both 7 sides and to the slighter power of emission connectedtherewith on the right hand side, the velocity at which the ases areadmitted into the conduit h will be ess than the vel0c-- ity ofadmission of the'gases in the conduit h. This difference is a ainequalized by the resistances caused by t e longer path in the conduitit. Thus it is within ones power to produce like conditions "of motionof the means to besup lied in both suction conduits by varying t eposition of the openings of the suction conduits at b'otbsides of thecolumns of the charge.

The charging openingsc of each retort are each adapted to be closed bymeans of a bell 5 n which is capable of being. raised and low cred. Themeans for closing each retort. are. arranged under a hood 0 which isconnectedwith an outlet pipe which can be closed by a valve '9.Thecharging material is placed in the space situated round the bells a,said space being ti htly closed by a cylinder 1 whiclrfldipswit a foldinto-a groove .8 arranged on. the hood 0, said grooves being filledwithwater,sand,powdered fire-brick or 5 thelike, and the lower edge of whichis sunk into a grooverunni'ng round the charging opening of each retort,said groove being filled with a similar material, in order to tightlyclose the hood and the charging openings outside. This cylinder rforminga double lock is suspended on suitable lifting apparatu Thejnannerof-working the double lock, of eachretort when'fillin the same is asi'ollows: At first the be is n remain closed, whereas the cylinder-coverr is raised. The space under the hood and roundthe bells a is thenfilled with the chargin material and the cylinder 1 is lowered until anu per and lower edge dip into the rooves. ereupon the bells nare raised,w ereon the charging a material rolls into the openingc- The gasesescaping from the retort escape above through the hood and through theconduit. Avalveg. is arranged in the conduit 1), saidvalv'e serv-v ingthe purpose of regulating the draft in the conduit. If an irregularslipping of the ma ter'ial should occur, the defect eanbe easilyremedied by opening the valve 9 and the 0 linder r. A tongue-u isarranged between t e dischar' e. openings (1 at the lowerend of theconical y narrowed. part oi the retort. The edge of the, tongue isdirected upwards.

The uniform empty-ing of the retort is effect- I25 edbymeansof thistongue in such a way that thecoked material does'not need to be pushedout b means of rods. 'Although have described and shownspecific' meansfore-lasing the charging openings '13?) walls in saidretorts rece ingfrom one another whereby chambers'are formed outside 7 said vWallscommunicating with said retorts,

" that the having charging and discharging openings,

suction conduit, and a plurality of conduits connected with thelatterconduit communicating. separately with said chambers at 0 I do not claimsuch means as any suitable closing means may be substituted for themeans shown What I claim as my invention and desire to secure by LettersPatent is 1. A coke-oven for peat, lignite and wood, comprising incombination a plurality of retorts each vertically constricted in thecenter and having charging and discharging openings, means adapted tonormally close said charging and discharging openings, means for heatingsaid retorts and gas-emission means communicating with said retorts.

2. A coke-oven for peat, lignite and wood, comprising in combination aplurality of retorts each constricted in the center and liaving'chargingand discharging openings, means adapted to normally close said char ingand discharging openings, step-like Wal s in said retorts receding fromone another, whereby chambers are formed outside said walls and on twosides of the I6bOItSCOI11- municating with said retorts, means forheating said retorts and gas-emission means communicatingseparately withsaid chambers on each side of the retorts.

3. A cokeoven for peat, lignite and wood, comprising in combination aplurality of retorts each constricted in the center and means adapted tonormally close said charging and discharging openings, step-like wallsin said retortsreceding from one another whereby chambers are formedoutside said walls communicating with said retorts, means for heatingsaid retorts, a gas suction conduit, and a plurality of conduits connectedwith thelatter conduit communicating separately with said chambersat points situated one higher than the other so that the point ofconnection situated nearer to the said main conduit is lower thanthepoint of connection bpposite the same.

4. A coke-oven for peat, lignite and wood, comprising in combination aplurality of retorts I each constricted vertically in the center andhavingl charging and discharging openings, means' adapted to close said0 arging openings and means adapted to close said discharging o enings,step-like said-retorts being situated side b side whereby heatingfinesare formed etween the same, fireproof gratings in said fines, meansfor heatingsaid grates and saidflues, a gas points'situated one higherthan the other so- 5. A coke-ovenfor peat, lignite "and wood -,j

oint "of connection situated nearerv i i to the sai'd main conduit islower than the: 'point of connectionopposite the same.

comprising in combination a plurality of retorts each verticallyconstricted in the center and having charging and discharging openings,means adapted to normally close said charging openings and means adaptedto normally close said discharging openings, step-like walls in saidretorts receding from one another whereby'chambers are formed outsidesaid walls communicating with said retorts, means for heating saidretorts, a gas suction conduit, a plurality of conduits connected withthe latter conduit communieating separately with said chambers at pointssituated one higher than the other so that the point of connectionsituated nearer to the said main conduit is lower than the point ofconnection opposite the same, and a valve in said gas suction pipe,adapted to close the same and to prevent the admission of air into saidretorts when said discharge openings are opened.

6. A coke-ovenfor peat, lignite and wood, comprising in combination aplurality of ret-orts each constricted vertically in the center andhaving charging and discharging openings, means adapted to normallyclosesaid retorts having grooves round said charging openings, ahoodhaving a groove movable over said charging openings, means adaptedtoraise and lower said *hood, a cylinder having a rim at .oneend adaptedto engage said groove in said hood, the other end of said cylinderadapted to engage said groove round said charging opening, an upwarddirected tongue situated between the two discharge openings of a retort,steplike walls insaid retorts receding from one another whereby chambersare forme outside said- Walls communicating with said retorts, saidretorts being situated side by side whereby heating lines are formedbetween the same, fireproof gratings in said flues,

means for heating said fines, a gas suction conduit, a lurality ofconduits connected with the atter conduit communicating separately withsaid chambers at points situated one higher than the other so that thepoint of connection situated nearer to the said main gas suction conduitis lower than the point of connection'opposite the'same and a valvev insaid suction conduit adapted to close the same and to prevent theadmission of air into the retorts when said discharge-openingsjareopened, substantially as described:

In'testimoi y whereof I' have signed my p MiiRTiN z EGLER. Witnesses:MATHILDE K. HELD,

LOU'IS D. MUELLER.

